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The Mechelen transit camp, or officially ''SS-Sammellager Mecheln'' in German, was a detention and deportation camp established in the ''Dossin'', the oldest casern at Mechelen, by the Nazi German occupier of Belgium. The transit camp was run by the SiPo-SD,〔 a branch of the SS-Reichssicherheitshauptamt in order to collect and deport Jews and other minorities such as Romani mainly out of Belgium towards the labor camp of Heydebreck-Cosel and the concentration camps of Auschwitz-Birkenau in German occupied Poland. During the Second World War, between 4 August 1942 and 31 July 1944, 28 trains left from this Belgian casern and deported over 25,000 Jews and Romas,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cicb.be/en/content/transports )〕 most of whom arrived at the extermination camps of Auschwitz-Birkenau. At the end of war, 1240 of them had survived.〔 Since 1996 a Holocaust museum at the Dossin Casern called the Museum of Deportation and Resistance reminds of this infamous period. ==Location== In the summer of 1942, the Nazis made preparations to deport the Jews of the occupier's concept of Belgium, of which about 90 percent lived in the north near Antwerp or centrally at Brussels. Halfway these cities is Mechelen, a city with a major railway hub that ensured easy transport, also for eastern destinations. A track that connected a local freight dock ran along the River Dijle bypass at the inner city's ring road, where the rails passed the iron-barred small windows in military barracks of the Lt. Gen. Baron Dossin de Saint-Georges Casern.〔In the First World War, the division led by General Emile Dossin had put up a brave defense near the River Yser, including at a place named St.-Georges. In recognition, the general received the title Baron de Saint-Georges. At his death in 1936 a lieutenant-general, the old casern at Mechelen was renamed after him and became colloquially referred to as ''the Dossin (Casern)''.〕 The Germans found this location with minor adaptions required ideal for a transit camp in their ''Endlösung'' programme. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mechelen transit camp」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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